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HOW TO TEST A FUSE
Fuses are an essential part of any electrical installation. They effectively protect the load and electrical systems against short circuits, overcurrent and overloads. Learn how to check if a fuse is blown and what to do if this happens.

Fuses are used in all electrical circuits – in building installations, electrical systems in vehicles, and electronics and household appliances. It is difficult to imagine effective protection of circuits and loads without breaking a circuit in the event of excessive current. Learn about the most common fuse types and find out how to test a fuse.

In this article you will learn: Different types of fuses and their applications?

Fuses come in different types, which differ in design, performance and purpose. Among the most commonly used are fuses, thermal fuses, residual current devices, automotive fuses, PTC resettable fuses, SMD fuses, industrial and miniature fuses.

Fuses

A fuse is designed to break a circuit in the event of excessive current. Its essential component is a metal wire or strip (in some cases multiple strips of metal). How to check if a fuse is blown? To do so, it is necessary to check the condition of the fuse wire.

The relationship between the magnitude of the current that causes melting and the time needed for it to melt is given by the fuse’s melting time-current characteristics. Depending on response time, fuses can be divided into time delay and fast acting fuses.

The time-current characteristics, showing the correlation between current and time up to the melting of a fuse-element, are shown as bands. How to test a fuse? For this purpose, it is worth using the time-current characteristics and determining the current needed to blow a fuse.

With currents corresponding to the melting time less than 0.005 s (¼ cycle), the fuse limits the short-circuit current. In addition, they also act as disconnectors, since a permanent and visible break in the circuit is created when the cartridge fuse is removed or the fuse is unscrewed.

Low-voltage fuses are divided into general purpose fuses, high rupturing capacity fuses and special purpose fuses. Bi-type fuses consist of single-pole sockets, a bottom cartridge fuse, a head and a cartridge fuse inside. The rated currents of fast (BiWts) and slow acting (BiWtz) fuses are between 6 and 200 A. There are also medium acting and super-fast fuses on the market, such as SIBA 7000140.0.1.

Bu or Bm fuses provide higher rupturing capacity. The basic elements of their construction are jaws and cartridge fuses. They are used in transformer stations and large switchboards. They are used for the effective protection of machines with heavy and frequent start-ups, as well as for the protection of power lines.

The measuring instruments or loads are protected by fuses that conduct currents with intensity ranging from tens of milliamperes to several amperes.

How to test a fuse

Thermal fuses

Thermal fuses are designed to interrupt the circuit if the temperature rises to a dangerous level. They are primarily used to protect loads from damage caused by excessive system temperature.

When thinking about how to test a thermal fuse, keep in mind that they are often used to protect individual components of electrical systems - such as transistors.

Thermal fuses disconnect the circuit by melting a small meltable link, which releases the spring mechanism and separates the contacts. There are many thermal fuses on the market with a very wide range of disconnection temperatures, ranging from 72 to even 257°C. The disconnection temperature of ESKA 770.104 is 104°C.

770.104

Thermal fuses come in a variety of types. The most commonly used are thermal fuses, in which a fusible link (pellet) melts when a specific current passes through it. Bimetal thermal fuses, in which the bimetal bends in a specific direction if heated, disconnecting the current, are also available.

When the fuse cools down, the bimetal will return to its previous state, reconnecting the circuit. Bimetal thermal fuses are used, among others, in electric kettles.

How to test a fuse

How to check if a fuse is blown?

When a fuse blows, it disconnects the circuit. How to test a fuse?

To check if the fuse is blown, use a multimeter. Set the multimeter on continuity mode. It may vary depending on the meter used but look for a rectifier diode symbol. To test the fuse use a multimeter AXIOMET AX-MS8221B.

AX-MS8221B

Plug the measuring leads in the multimeter - the red one into the VΩmA socket, and the black one into the negative (COM socket). How to test a fuse? Place the two test probes on the circuit to be tested.

Regardless of the fuse type, the measurement procedure is the same. So…how to test a fuse? In the case of automotive fuses, there are two blades on the top. Small fuses are measured by applying test probes to its both metal ends. Fuses have special recesses in the front part of the housing, which enable the measurement of circuit continuity.

If the circuit is continuous, the reading obtained should be a low resistance value. When the fuse is blown, the meter will indicate infinite resistance, nothing, or a lead failure with an acoustic and/or light signal. The blown cartridge fuse must be replaced with a new one with the same parameters and time-current characteristics. If other elements were also damaged, the entire fuse must be replaced.

How to test a fuse

How to test a thermal fuse?

How to check if a fuse is blown? The current flow through the thermal fuse should also be verified with a multimeter set on continuity mode. Similarly to fuses, the test probes should also be applied to the two conductive contacts of the fuse, checking whether the measurement value is low. If the meter beeps and/or lights or displays high resistance, the thermal fuse has blown and is not conducting electricity.

Symbol: Description:
7000140.0.1 Fuse; super-fast; ceramic; 100mA; 250V
770.104 Thermal fuse; 10A; 250V; 12mm; 104°C
AX-MS8221B Digital multimeter; LCD 3.5 digits (1999) 15mm; 2.5x/s

GAMING, COMPUTER ACCESSORIES AND OTHER RELATED PRODUCTS
Long gone are the days when gamers had to make do with a worn, dusty PC, whose case was held together by four different screws and a piece of string. Nowadays, computer fiends go for high-performance hardware and flashy computer stations.

POWER SUPPLY BY PANASONIC ‒ AN OVERVIEW OF THE OFFERED SOLUTIONS
In the modern world, basic electronic components, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors are often overshadowed by the universally applied microprocessors. However, it is these seemingly insignificant components that form the foundation without which no advanced electronic system could exist. Thanks to them, the basic tasks and functions of electronic circuits can be carried out.

HELUKABEL THERMOCOUPLE COMPENSATING CABLES
The TME offer now includes thermocouple compensating cables by HELUKABEL, a highly renowned manufacturer. The company supplies a variety of products designed for making professional connections in accordance with industrial quality and durability standards – from power supply to modern digital communication solutions.

INDUSTRIAL, SIGNAL, AND OTHER TYPES OF CABLES
The use of the right cables determines the quality of the end result in every application: from making connections for power tools to complex installations in the field of industrial automation. TKD is committed to providing solutions that are tailored to the specific requirements in a wide variety of fields...

INDUSTRIAL ICT CABLES BY HELUKABEL
HELUKABEL is a well-recognized supplier of high quality cables for diverse applications. The core part of this manufacturer’s range of products are cables for professional and industrial use. In the TME catalogue, you will find a wide choice of HELUKABEL products, including the most popular transmission standards used in automation systems, as well as industrial IT network cabling.

WAVESURFER 3000Z SERIES OSCILLOSCOPES BY TELEDYNE LECROY
The WaveSurfer 3000Z series oscilloscopes by Teledyne Lecroy are 4-channel devices designed to troubleshoot and analyse electronic circuits – both at the prototyping and servicing stage. Here, advanced functionalities meet simplicity of use thanks to the MAUI touch screen.

COMPONENTS FOR EV CHARGING STATIONS BY PANASONIC
Charging stations are the main element of the infrastructure developed for electric vehicles. Such devices are subject to strict standardisation, and many manufacturers of electronic engineering solutions are involved in producing them. They are supported in this task by prestigious suppliers of electronic elements, including Panasonic, who offer high-quality components and subassemblies for such applications.

WIRES FROM THE ECOGEN® SERIES BY ALPHA WIRE
For many years, one of the most troubling issues for the industry and automation was their impact on the high production of materials that are harmful to the environment. Until recently, any electrical system upgrade meant that some amount of hardly recyclable waste was going to be generated. However, it is the thing of the past.

NEW ZP SERIES OF UNIVERSAL ENCLOSURES BY KRADEX
KRADEX is a Polish manufacturer of plastic enclosures, which started its operations in 1985. Since the beginning, the company has put much emphasis on the development of production processes, selection of materials, as well as ongoing modernisation of its technical facilities.

MINIATURE STEP-UP/STEP-DOWN CONVERTERS FROM POLOLU
The TME catalogue now includes miniature DC-DC converters with constant output voltage (available in versions from 3.3 V to 15 V DC) from the portfolio of an American brand named Pololu.

FEATURES AND CAPABILITIES OF THE SPE SERIES POWER SUPPLIES BY OWON
Choosing the right laboratory power supply may be a challenging task, especially if you want the PSU to be compact, have a wide range of features and, at the same time, be affordable. If this is something you can relate to, you should take a look at OWON’s offer.

BANANA PI SINGLE-BOARD COMPUTERS
Single-board computers greatly facilitate the development of complex projects. They provide an attractive platform not only for school pupils, students or amateurs, but also for professionals. In the difficult times of supply shortages, we recommend to our customers one of the most popular solutions in its field, i.e. Banana Pi computers.

Company of the week

BALLUFF

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New video for Pilot VX


electronica 2024, 12.11.-15.11.2024, Munich, DE


Video Report from AMPER 2022


INDUSTRIAL PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS FROM CYNERGY3


Address Book


BALLUFF


Seica


PEI-Genesis


KEYENCE


CML Microcircuits


SAMTEC


ams-OSRAM


INTEL


TDK Corporation


Giada


RS group


NOKIA


ANRITSU


Digi-Key Electronics


AERS


Flex Power Modules


Danisense


BINDER


Parker Hannifin


DANFOSS


MOXA


Alliance Memory


Intelliconnect (Europe) Ltd.


KIOXIA Europe GmbH


Antenova Ltd


Friedrich Lütze GmbH


Analog Devices


ASRock Industrial


NVIDIA


Yamaichi Electronics USA Inc.



Calendary
SENSOR+TEST 2024, 11.-13.6.2024, Nuremberg, DE
electronica 2024, 12.11.-15.11.2024, Munich, DE
DistribuTECH, 11.2.-13.2.2025, Dallas, TX

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